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AIR SYSTEM CASE STUDIES
The professionals at Air Power USA believe the best way to demonstrate
the potential for cost savings via your compressed air system is by
example. The following case studies are a sampling of the results
we've been able to achieve for our customers. Contact
us if you'd like more information or are interested in case studies
that are more closely related to your situation.
Plastics Injection Molding Company
$70,898 Annual Energy Savings
No Capital Investment
Plant air usage was 100% load of three 110 bhp full-load rotary screw
compressors with all presses running. The Air Power USA compressed
air systems analysis determined that 28 presses had improperly adjusted
control regulators, were running off almost full line pressure, and
had been doing so for three years.
Estimated annual power cost: $ .05 kwh
1470 cfm 330 hp / 8640 hours/year = approx. $118,000
After proper adjustments were made to the control regulators, the
actual demand fell to about 740 cfm, using only two of the three 110
hp rotary screw compressors with modulating controls. One 110 hp compressor
was shut off.
The approximate total hp draw for the two 110 hp compressors on modulation
control was 187 bhp (converted from amperage reading).
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At $0.5 kwh..740 cfm..187 hp /8640 hrs/year
= $66,960
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A saving of $51,040
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Follow-up by Air Power USA and plant personnel to readjust compressor
unloading controls to On-Line/Off-Line further reduced hp draw:
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At $.05 kwh … 740 cfm … 176 hp /8640 hrs/year=
$63,022
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Additional saving of $ 3,938
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Total annual energy savings of $70,898 with no capital investment.
ADDITIONAL BENEFITS
The customer will set up a demand-side control system and a continuing
leak-management program. The compressor unloading system is capable
of translating 80% to 85% of the demand reduction into reduced electrical
costs.

Testing Laboratory for Brake Calipers
42% Reduction in Air Use w/Same Productivity
$7,100 Annual Power Cost Reduction
$385 Capital Investment
The test lab personnel felt they needed 250 psig to operate their
test benches effectively. Two air-cooled reciprocating compressors
supplied air through an aftercooler and dryer to a 400-gallon air
receiver. Each compressor delivered 100 cfm at 250 psig full load
pressure. Both units were set at 225 psig cut-in/250 psig cut-out
and ran 90-95% loaded all the time. Due to this extreme duty cycle,
valve and ring life were very short.
Air Power USA, Inc. helped the lab people determine that they could
actually operate effectively at 225 psig cut-in pressure and that
215 psig was feasible. Accordingly, we recommended creation of a simple
demand-side control system. This consisted of a $385 pressure flow
control regulator installed between the air source (receiver tank)
and demand point (test benches).
The regulator permitted the compressors to operate at their most efficient
load/unload points, allowed the receiver to store extra air to soften
demand cycles, and created the necessary operating pressure band to
provide a steady fixed minimum pressure flow to the test benches.
Reducing pressures at the test benches eliminated "artificial demand"
(higher pressures automatically caused more air usage with no gain
in productivity) and reduced overall demand from 190 to 165 cfm.
Further adjustments to the newly stabilized system established that
the optimum minimum operating pressure at the test benches was 190
psig. Reducing the regulated air flow from 215 to 190 psig again eliminated
enough "artificial demand" to reduce demand to 130 cfm with the compressors
operating automatic start/stop at about 65% on load and 35% off.
Total air-use reduction was almost 42% with no loss in productivity.
Compressors run well without high valve and ring maintenance.
POWER COST BREAKOUT
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Estimated annual power cost before
demand side control:
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| (66 hp) (.053) (.746) (6,640) |
| .85 |
| = |
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$20,354
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Annual Power Cost
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| Estimated annual power cost after demand-side
control:
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| (66 hp) (.053) (.746) (6640 x .65) |
| .85 |
| = |
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$13,250
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Annual Power Cost
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Aluminum Extrusion Plant
$15,200 Annual Power Cost Reduction
$3,500 Capital Investment
One of three Compressors Deactivated
The company asked us to evaluate whether they should purchase an additional
75 hp or 100 hp class rotary screw compressor to get their system
pressure up. They said their two 75 hp and one 60 hp class rotary
screws (990 cfm) were running fully loaded all the time (6,640 hours/year)
and could hold only 85 psig during full production.
Another compressed air consultant had calculated that the company
needed an additional 250 cfm to get the system up to 110 psig.
Investigation by Air Power USA personnel indicated that 1) all compressors
were modulation controlled, 2) none of the compressors was running
over 40% loaded, and 3) the pressure loss was caused by several significant
piping chokes and backfeeds.
The company performed the piping corrections we recommended at a cost
of $3,500 with these results:
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Full operational pressure to all parts of the plant
was held, and the supply pressure control was reduced
5 psig (2-1/2% saving). |
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One of the 75 hp class rotary screw compressors was
shut off permanently. The plant now runs on one 75 hp
at full load and one 60 hp at 50-80% load. |
| · |
Minimum estimated power savings with modulation control
shut off: |
(58 bhp) (.045) (.746) (6,640)
.85
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= |
$l5,200
Annual Power Savings
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Large Machinery Manufacturer
$69,825 Annual Energy Savings
$21,900 Capital Investment
Shut Down 1 of 3 Compressors
Customer considered adding a third 250 hp class, two-stage, double-acting,
water-cooled air compressor to their 35-year-old plant because their
two existing units were running 90-95% fully loaded. Yet during peak
production runs they did not have enough air.
We conducted a complete Compressed Air System Analysis and recommended:
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Replace open blow-off lines with Venturi type air
amplifiers. |
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Replace all time-operated auto drains with electronic-
or air-operated, level-actualized drains. |
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Set up a full demand-side control system with two
3000-gallon air receivers and a flow controller/regulator.
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Establish a continuing leak management and control
program. |
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Establish accountability for air usage by production
sector with strategically placed recording flow meters. |
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PLANT IMPLEMENTED OVER A TWO-YEAR PERIOD
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Thirty ¼-inch blow-off lines w/Venturi nozzles |
$ |
300.00
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| · |
Two 3000-gallon air receivers and flow controller |
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18,000.00
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| · |
Replaced 12 timer-activated and manual drains with
electronic level-actuated drains |
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3,600.00
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$ |
21,900.00
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Bicycle Manufacturing Plant
Increases Production 30%
Lowers Compressed Air Cost 60%
Energy Savings $31,340 Per Year
An eastern bicycle manufacturer planned a 30% production increase,
including personnel, floor space and compressed air. Their existing
air system consisted of 4 rotary screw packages with a refrigerated
dryer in two basic locations, using 294 bhp and delivering 816 cfm
at 125 psig full load at current production.
The plant operated 4160 hours per year at .044 kwh with a $44,600
electric power cost for the compressors and dryers and a total estimated
compressed air cost of $59,600 including maintenance and repairs.
THE PROBLEMS
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The system ran at full load all the time, and air
usage often had to be restricted in certain areas --
especially frame grinding to allow the pressure to "catch
up." |
| · |
Pressure loss from compressors to the header system
fluctuates 10 to 12 psig. Header pressure would rise
to 105-114 psig at low use and fall to 95 psig at full
production. |
| · |
At 90 psig header pressure, the frame-grinding area
became non-productive. |
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Constant water problems in the air lines, especially
in summer. |
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The system had no effective compressed air storage
or flow controllers. |
| · |
The grinding area used 25-30% of total air. There
was 25-28 psig pressure loss from the main header to
each grinder, which performed well at 85 psig. |
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AN EQUIPMENT SUPPLIER RECOMMENDED A NEW SYSTEM
A local compressed air equipment dealer said the existing air supply
system should be replaced and used only as a back up. Correcting the
existing shortage and providing air for increased production and future
growth would require a new primary system consisting of two new 150
hp (172 bhp each) compressors and dryers.
AIR POWER USA CONSOLIDATED THE CURRENT SYSTEM
We were called in to conduct a Level I Survey and design a compressed
air system for the plant's planned production increase. We determined
that no new air should be required to handle production growth. Instead
we recommended an "efficiency consolidation" of all compressed air
generation equipment at one location:
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A new, one-location compressor room was established,
with all the compressor/dryer sets feeding to an 8-inch
diameter header with "directional entry" connections
instead of tees. |
| · |
All timer-actuated drains were replaced with electronic
level-actuated types to 1) Prevent wasted air and eliminate
surge demand, and 2) Remove condensate as it is generated,
eliminating re-entrainment. |
| · |
The header feeds a 3300 gallon air receiver that feeds
the main air system header. |
| · |
Flow controller/pressure regulators were installed
on the receiver exit lines. One feeds 90 psig to the
assembly/grinding area; the other feeds 80 psig to the
rest of the plant. |
| · |
We identified and eliminated back feeds, dead heads
and chokes. |
| · |
The overall pressure band of the compressors went
from 115/125 to 100/110, a direct 7-1/2% saving in electric
power. |
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THE OVERALL RESULT
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The 30% increase in production was implemented. Quality in the grinding area improved. |
| · |
The plant runs one 150 hp compressor/dryer at 75-80%
load, producing 600-650 cfm at 100/psig about -- 127
hp with the dryer. |
| · |
Annual operating electric power cost is reduced from
$44,600 down to $19,260 (from $59,660 down to $21,260
with maintenance/repairs). |
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